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An arrangement with a broker to borrow stocks from them and then sell it in the market, with the hope that they earn a profit by buying the stock back again after it has fallen in price is called


A) behavioral finance.
B) short sales.
C) smart money.
D) random walk.

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Which of the following is an insight from behavioral finance?


A) The price of securities fully reflects all available information.
B) Investor overconfidence leads to high trading volumes.
C) The optimal forecast of a security's return equals the security's equilibrium return.
D) Investment advisers cannot consistently beat the market.

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The elimination of a riskless profit opportunity in a market is called


A) the efficient market hypothesis.
B) random walk.
C) arbitrage.
D) market fundamentals.

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Ivan Boesky, the most successful of the so-called arbs in the 1980s, was able to outperform the market on a consistent basis, indicating that


A) securities markets are not efficient.
B) unexploited profit opportunities were abundant.
C) investors can outperform the market with inside information.
D) only B and C of the above.

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The efficient market hypothesis suggests that allocating your funds in the financial markets on the advice of a financial analyst


A) will certainly mean higher returns than if you had made selections by throwing darts at the financial page.
B) will always mean lower returns than if you had made selections by throwing darts at the financial page.
C) is not likely to prove superior to a strategy of making selections by throwing darts at the financial page.
D) is good for the economy.

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Another way to state the efficient market hypothesis is that in an efficient market,


A) unexploited profit opportunities will never exist as market participants, such as arbitrageurs, ensure that they are instantaneously dissipated.
B) unexploited profit opportunities will not exist for long, as market participants will act quickly to eliminate them.
C) every financial market participant must be well informed about securities.
D) only A and C of the above.

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What is a rational bubble?

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An important lesson from the Black Monday Crash of 1987 and the tech crash of 2000 is that


A) factors other than market fundamentals affect stock prices.
B) the strong version of the efficient market hypothesis, that stock prices reflect the true fundamental value of securities, is correct.
C) market psychology has little if any effect on stock prices.
D) there is no such thing as a rational bubble.

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Technical analysis is a popular technique used to predict stock prices by studying past stock price data and searching for patterns such as trends and regular cycles.

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To say that stock prices follow a "random walk" is to argue that


A) stock prices rise, then fall, then rise again.
B) stock prices rise, then fall in a predictable fashion.
C) stock prices tend to follow trends.
D) stock prices cannot be predicted based on past trends.

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Why are expectations important in understanding how financial instruments are valued?

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Expectations play a crucial role in unde...

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The evidence suggests technical analysts are not superior stock pickers.

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A situation in which the price of an asset differs from its fundamental market value is called


A) an unexploited profit opportunity.
B) a bubble.
C) a correction.
D) a mean reversion.

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Evidence in favor of market efficiency does not include


A) random-walk behavior.
B) technical analysis.
C) performance of investment analysts and mutual funds.
D) the January effect.

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Rules used to predict movements in stock prices based on past patterns are, according to the efficient markets theory,


A) a waste of time.
B) profitably employed by all financial analysts.
C) the most efficient rules to employ.
D) consistent with the random walk hypothesis.

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In an efficient market, abnormal returns are not possible, even using inside information.

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Give evidence both for and against market efficiency.

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According to the January effect, stock prices


A) experience an abnormal price rise from December to January.
B) experience an abnormal price decline from December to January.
C) follow a random walk during January.
D) set the pattern for the entire year in January.

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