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Identify the major stages of the product life cycle, and explain how industry sales and profits vary across these stages.

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​A product life cycle has four major sta...

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The two major product categories are business and institutional.

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Sales usually start to decline during the ____ stage of the product life cycle.


A) beginning of the termination
B) end of the growth
C) beginning of the decline
D) beginning of the growth
E) end of the maturity

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Which of the following products is an example of a manufacturer brand?


A) Great Value Corn Flakes
B) JC Penney jeans
C) Kmart tires
D) Sony TVs
E) Safeway tomato sauce

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Which of the following tactics would typically be employed when a product is in the growth stage of its life cycle?


A) Lowering prices after developmental costs have been recovered
B) Raising promotion expenditures as a percentage of total sales
C) Moving from intensive to selective distribution
D) Raising prices to encourage competitors to enter the market
E) Reducing the number of product models in the product line

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Consistency among package designs is essential for an organization's product mix.

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The talking gecko used by Geico Insurance facilitates the development of


A) brand associations.
B) brand quality.
C) product preference.
D) brand loyalty.
E) product equity.

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Co-branding capitalizes on the trust that customers have in both companies involved, especially when the brands complement one another in the mind of the buyer.

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When we speak of the number of product lines that a company offers, we are referring to the ____________ of the company's product mix.​


A) width
B) depth
C) length
D) size
E) volume

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Green Giant is an example of a private distributor brand.

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The brand name Hamburger Helper would most likely be considered


A) arbitrary.
B) generic.
C) suggestive.
D) descriptive.
E) fanciful.

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Nutritional information on labels is required by law, though consumers are indifferent to its availability.

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Products are classified as being business or consumer products according to the


A) number of buyers involved in the decision.
B) buyer's intended use of the product.
C) seller's intended use of the product.
D) location of use.
E) types of outlets from which they are purchased.

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Besides generic names, what other types of names are very difficult to protect?


A) Names created by the company
B) Surnames and geographic names
C) Arbitrarily chosen names not related to the product
D) Arbitrarily chosen names related closely to the product
E) Names that contain shapes and colors

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A service is intangible and is the result of the application of human or mechanical efforts to people or objects.

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The part of a brand that can be spoken including letters, numbers, and words is the


A) brand.
B) brand mark.
C) brand name.
D) trade name.
E) trademark.

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Apple Computer is an example of a manufacturer brand.

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Procter & Gamble makes at least eight different laundry detergents. This is most relevant to the issue of


A) width of product mix.
B) product mix consistency.
C) depth of product mix.
D) a market mix.
E) a promotion mix.

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Brand preference is a degree of brand loyalty in which a customer definitely prefers one brand over competitive offerings and will purchase this brand if available.

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Federal laws require the disclosure of nutritional information on labels. So far, evidence on this matter


A) indicate that consumers regularly use the information.
B) have been conducted only by the federal government.
C) have shown mixed results about the use of this information.
D) prove that labels are necessary only for promotional reasons.
E) indicate that consumers do not use the information.

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