Question 1

Which of the following is not a function of the molluscan foot?

Accepted Answer

A)   It forms a cavity that houses the gills in gastropods.
B)   Most gastropods move by gliding on their muscular foot.
C)   It forms tentacles for grasping food in cephalopods.
D)   It is a digging organ in bivalves.
E)   It forms tentacles for locomotion in cephalopods.

Question 2

Arrow worms

Accepted Answer

A)   were once suspected to be deuterostomes based on their embryonic development. 
B)   have a circulatory system.
C)   have trochophore larvae.
D)   have separate sexes. 
E)   have a distinct larval stage.

Question 3

Which of the following about cephalopods is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are predators with an anterior concentration of sensory structures.
B)   The siphon is used to capture prey.
C)   Many forms have an external shell.
D)   They possess aposematic coloration to warn competitors.
E)   They are the only hermaphroditic mollusks.

Question 4

Flatworms have no coelom.Gene sequencing shows that their closest relatives are the bryozoans (which are coelomate)  and the rotifers (which are pseudocoelomate) .Which of the following is a legitimate conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Flatworms and rotifers form a monophyletic group.
B)   Flatworms and bryozoans form a monophyletic group.
C)   There must be flaws in the gene sequence analyses.
D)   Both a and c
E)   None of the above

Question 5

You discover a new organism with the following characteristics: the body is wormlike and has a fluid-filled cavity, the long protrusible feeding organ looks like a proboscis, and a complete digestive tract is present.The organism is probably a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   arrow worm.
B)   flatworm.
C)   nematode.
D)   ribbon worm.
E)   horsehair worm.

Question 6

Which statement about crustaceans is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are the least prevalent marine arthropods today. 
B)   Most have a body that is composed of three regions: head, thorax, and abdomen.
C)   Most have six legs attached to the head.
D)   They lack a carapace.
E)   There are very few marine species.

Question 7

The possession of a relatively thin cuticle that is molted periodically as an animal grows to full size is a feature of

Accepted Answer

A)   chelicerates.
B)   myriapods.
C)   hexapods and crustaceans.
D)   tardigrades.
E)   priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans.

Question 8

Which statement about phoronids is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   They secrete tubes made of chitin, in which they live.
B)   They are sessile, wormlike animals.
C)   Cilia drive water that carries food particles between their tentacles.
D)   Their tentacles extend from a lophophore.
E)   They are annelids.

Question 9

Refer to the figure.  Which three types of organisms are shown? Which structures are common among these organisms? How has modification of these structures led to increased species diversity?

Accepted Answer

A represents a nudibranch, B represents ...

Question 10

Many crustacean species have a fold of exoskeleton called a(n) _______ that extends dorsally and laterally from the head to cover and protect some body segments.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many crustacean species have a fold of...

Question 11

The majority of insect species are

Accepted Answer

A)   holometabolous insects that cannot fold their wings against the body.
B)   pterygous insects that cannot fold their wings against the body.
C)   neopteran insects that cannot fold their wings against the body.
D)   holometabolous neopteran insects.
E)   holometabolous insects without functional digestive tracts.

Question 12

Although lophotrochozoan species with spiral cleavage were once grouped together taxonomically as spiralians, gene sequence analysis does not support the spiralian taxon as monophyletic.What conclusion follows from this evidence?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spiral cleavage is a trait that is not determined by genes.
B)   Species within the lophotrochozoans that do not have spiral cleavage are only distantly related to those that do have spiral cleavage. 
C)   Genetic sequence data are not useful in determining taxonomic relationships of these organisms.
D)   Spiral cleavage may have been present in the lophotrochozoan ancestor, with several subsequent losses of this cleavage pattern.
E)   Spiral cleavage is an evolutionary adaptation found within closely related organisms.

Question 13

What characteristics make priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans members of one clade, separate from the nematodes and horsehair worms? What do these characteristics imply about gas exchange in this clade and the habitats they occupy?

Accepted Answer

All three of these groups have relativel...

Question 14

Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters, and shrimps, all of which are _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters,...

Question 15

The cuticle is relatively thin and flexible in

Accepted Answer

A)   all protostomes.
B)   ecdysozoans that exchange gases and water across the body surface.
C)   gastropods that occur on land.
D)   all marine chelicerates.
E)   all marine crustaceans.

Question 16

A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton with eight appendages attached to the cephalothorax.This exoskeleton most likely came from a(n) _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton...

Question 17

A dragonfly pursuing a prey item into a small crevice would not be able to enter to capture the prey.Dragonflies would be considered _______ insects.

Accepted Answer

A)   neopteran.
B)   pterygous.
C)   cutaneous.
D)   holometaboulous.
E)   myriapodic.

Question 18

Horsehair worms differ from the priapulids in that

Accepted Answer

A)   adult horsehair worms do not have a mouth. 
B)   horsehair worms do not have a larval stage.
C)   horsehair worms are segmented.
D)   horsehair worms do not molt.
E)   there are no parasitic species of horsehair worms.

Question 19

Which ecdysozoan group contains fewer than 100 species?

Accepted Answer

A)   Copepods
B)   Priapulids
C)   Arthropods
D)   Insects
E)   Nematodes

Question 20

Adult _______ cannot fold their wings against their bodies.

Accepted Answer

A)   dragonflies
B)   beetles
C)   orthopterans
D)   springtails
E)   arachnids

Exam 31: Protostome Animals

Refer to the figure. Which three types of organisms are shown? Which structures are common among these organisms? How has modification of these structures led to increased species diversity?

Correct AnswerverifiedA represents a nudibranch, B represents ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which statement about phoronids is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many crustacean species have a fold of exoskeleton called a(n) _______ that extends dorsally and laterally from the head to cover and protect some body segments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arrow worms

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The possession of a relatively thin cuticle that is molted periodically as an animal grows to full size is a feature of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You discover a new organism with the following characteristics: the body is wormlike and has a fluid-filled cavity, the long protrusible feeding organ looks like a proboscis, and a complete digestive tract is present.The organism is probably a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What characteristics make priapulids, kinorhynchs, and loriciferans members of one clade, separate from the nematodes and horsehair worms? What do these characteristics imply about gas exchange in this clade and the habitats they occupy?

Correct AnswerverifiedAll three of these groups have relativel...View AnswerShow Answer

Horsehair worms differ from the priapulids in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adult _______ cannot fold their wings against their bodies.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following about cephalopods is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flatworms have no coelom.Gene sequencing shows that their closest relatives are the bryozoans (which are coelomate) and the rotifers (which are pseudocoelomate) .Which of the following is a legitimate conclusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although lophotrochozoan species with spiral cleavage were once grouped together taxonomically as spiralians, gene sequence analysis does not support the spiralian taxon as monophyletic.What conclusion follows from this evidence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of insect species are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher finds a hard, chitinous exoskeleton with eight appendages attached to the cephalothorax.This exoskeleton most likely came from a(n) _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a function of the molluscan foot?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A dragonfly pursuing a prey item into a small crevice would not be able to enter to capture the prey.Dragonflies would be considered _______ insects.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cuticle is relatively thin and flexible in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement about crustaceans is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many familiar marine arthropods are crabs, lobsters, and shrimps, all of which are _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which ecdysozoan group contains fewer than 100 species?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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