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Exam 17: Developmental Concepts

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Question 1

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A school-aged child always follows the rules and obeys traffic lights when crossing the street. Based on Kohlberg's theory, what type of development is being demonstrated?

A) Cognitive
B) Intellectual
C) Moral
D) Psychosocial

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Question 2

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Which of the following developmental tasks is an important component of middle adulthood within Havighurst's theory of psychosocial development?

A) Accepting and adjusting to physical changes
B) Adjusting to reduced income
C) Adjusting to decreasing health
D) Learning to live with a marriage partner

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Question 3

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The nurse is caring for a an infant age 11 months. The infant's mother tells states that when she asked the doctor about starting to toilet train her child, the doctor talked about cephalocaudal development. The mother then asks for an explanation of this term. Which of the following about cephalocaudal development is the nurse's best reply?

A child 7 years of age attending a Roman Catholic Mass with his parents stands and holds his hymnal to sing the opening song. According to Fowler, what stage of development is this child experiencing?

The nursing student is visiting a middle school with an assignment to observe and visit with students while walking around with the school nurse. Then nursing student is interested to learn that some students seem to be rebelling against authority figures like teachers and parents. The nursing student recalls that, according to Erikson's theory, this is not abnormal behavior. To which stage of Erikson's theory does this behavior belong?

A child demonstrates increasing language skills and an understanding of symbols. Creative play and the use of imagination is an important activity in the child's life. Based upon these characteristics and according to Jean Piaget's theory, what stage of cognitive development is the child demonstrating?

A female client age 35 years explains to the community health nurse that her primary focus daily is the care of her family, her job, and her volunteer activities at her church. The client verbalizes contentment with her various roles and the balancing of these roles. According to the theory on "individual life structure" developed by Daniel Levinson and associates, this client is demonstrating characteristics associated with what phase of adulthood?

All humans learn from both formal and informal experiences. What orderly pattern of changes results in part from learning?

A nursing student is assisting the school nurse with a middle school health fair. The student does height and weight assessments on the students. As the nursing student assess them, the student observes that the students are able to use deductive reasoning and think in abstract ways. According to Piaget, in what development stage are they?

In contrast to Kohlberg, Gilligan developed a theory of moral development specifically for women. What is the central theme of Gilligan's theory?

The nurse is working in the newborn nursery and observes neonates in various states of health and wellness. The nurse is aware that which of the following factors can affect fetal development? Choose all that apply.

Which of the following actions would generally take place in the settling down stage of Daniel Levinson's Individual Life Structure theory? Select all that apply.

The nurse is educating a high school health and fitness class about substance abuse. One of the group members asks what happens if a pregnant woman is using drugs. The nurse's best replies include which of the following? Choose all that apply.

Which developmental theory suggests success in achieving developmental tasks during later stages of life?

A boy age 4 years is constantly seeking out and exploring new experiences, and repeatedly asking his parents why-type questions. The boy's behavior suggests that he is successfully navigating an important developmental task within the developmental theory of:

A nurse provides care in a women's health clinic that is located in an inner city neighborhood. Which of the following theorists' work applies most directly to this nurse's client population?

After a child plays in the yard, his mother asks him to pick up his toys and put them in the toy bin in the garage. Knowing that he does not want to spend time in his room as a punishment, the child follows his mother's directions. What stage of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is this child demonstrating?

A nursing student is observing in a pediatric clinic. A grandmother brings an infant age 2 months to be seen. The infant has failed to gain the expected amount of weight and looks unwell. The nursing student wonders if this may be a failure to thrive baby. Which one of the following has been linked to failure to thrive babies?

A child gains weight and becomes taller each year. What is this process called?

A mother brings her toddler, age 20 months, to the clinic today for immunizations. She talks about trying to initiate toilet training a few weeks ago, but her son wasn't interested. She decided to put it off for awhile. She told her son he was a good boy and they would try again another time. According to Erik Erikson's theory, what is the likely outcome for Matt's developmental stage?