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Exam 1: Economics: the Core Issues

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Question 51

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Which of the following is true when an economy is producing efficiently?

A) The economy is producing on the production possibilities curve.
B) The economy is producing outside the production possibilities curve.
C) The economy is getting the fewest goods and services from the available resources.
D) Everyone in the economy is happy.

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Question 52

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Refer to Figure 1.8.If the university decides to lower grading standards, then

A) This curve will shift rightward.
B) This curve will pivot up and to the left.
C) The curve will begin to bend downward at an earlier point.
D) We will slide up the curve from point B to point C.

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Question 53

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If an economy experiences increasing opportunity costs with respect to two goods, then the production possibilities curve between the two goods will be

Which economist argued that free markets unleashed the "animal spirits" of entrepreneurs, propelling innovation, technology, and growth?

Which of the following is true about the combination of mops and brooms represented by point E in Figure 1.3 and using PP1?

When the invisible hand does not produce optimal outcomes for the economy, there is evidence of

According to the law of increasing opportunity costs,

Table 1.2 shows the hypothetical trade-off between different combinations of Stealth bombers and B-1 bombers that might be produced in a year with the limited U.S.capacity, ceteris paribus.Complete the table by calculating the required opportunity costs for both the B-1 and Stealth bombers. $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number of } \\\text { Stealth } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost of } \\\text { Stealth Bombers in } \\\text { Terms of B-1 } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number of } \\\text { B-1 } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost of B- } \\\text { 1 Bombers in Terms of } \\\text { Stealth Bombers }\end{array} \\\hline \text { A } & 195 & & 20 & \\\hline \text { B } & 180 & & 35 & \\\hline \text { C } & 150 & & 45 & \\\hline \text { D } & 100 & & 50 & \\\hline\end{array}$ Table 1.2 Production Possibilities for Bombers The lowest opportunity cost anywhere in Table 1.2 for Stealth Bombers is

Producing at a point inside the production possibilities curve

Table 1.3 shows the hypothetical trade-off between different combinations of brushes and combs that might be produced in a year with the limited capacity for Country X, ceteris paribus.Complete the table by calculating the required opportunity costs for brushes and combs. $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of } \\\text { Combination }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost } \\\text { of Brushes in } \\\text { Terms } \\\text { of Combs }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of Combs }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost } \\\text { of Combs in Terms } \\\text { of Brushes }\end{array} \\\hline \mathrm{J} & 0 & & 4 & \\\hline \mathrm{K} & 10 & & 3 & \\\hline \mathrm{L} & 17 & & 2 & \\\hline \mathrm{M} & 21 & & 1 & \\\hline \mathrm{N} & 23 & & 0 & \\\hline\end{array}$ Table $1.3$ Production Possibilities for Brushes and Combs On the basis of your calculations in Table 1.3, the lowest opportunity cost for combs in terms of brushes is

Choose the letter of the curve in Figure 1.2 that best represents a production possibilities curve for two goods for which there are constant opportunity costs:

The production possibilities curve illustrates which two of the following essential principles?

Table 1.3 shows the hypothetical trade-off between different combinations of brushes and combs that might be produced in a year with the limited capacity for Country X, ceteris paribus.Complete the table by calculating the required opportunity costs for brushes and combs. $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of } \\\text { Combination }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost } \\\text { of Brushes in } \\\text { Terms } \\\text { of Combs }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of Combs }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity Cost } \\\text { of Combs in Terms } \\\text { of Brushes }\end{array} \\\hline \mathrm{J} & 0 & & 4 & \\\hline \mathrm{K} & 10 & & 3 & \\\hline \mathrm{L} & 17 & & 2 & \\\hline \mathrm{M} & 21 & & 1 & \\\hline \mathrm{N} & 23 & & 0 & \\\hline\end{array}$ Table $1.3$ Production Possibilities for Brushes and Combs On the basis of your calculations in Table 1.3, what is the opportunity cost of producing at point M rather than point N?

Table 1.1 shows the hypothetical trade-off between different combinations of Stealth bombers and B-1 bombers that might be produced in a year with the limited U.S.capacity, ceteris paribus.Complete the table by calculating the required opportunity costs for both the B-1 and Stealth bombers. $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline \text { Combination } & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of Stealth } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity cost } \\\text { of Stealth } \\\text { Bombers in } \\\text { Terms of B-1s }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of B-1s }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity } \\\text { Terms of B-1s in } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} \\\hline \mathrm{S} & 10 & & 0 & \\\hline \mathrm{T} & 9 & & 1 & \\\hline \mathrm{U} & 7 & & 2 & \\\hline \mathrm{V} & 4 & & 3 & \\\hline\end{array}$ Table 1.1 Production Possibilities for Bombers The lowest opportunity cost anywhere in Table 1.1 for B-1 bombers in terms of Stealth bombers is

In terms of the production possibilities curve, inefficiency is represented by

Table 1.1 shows the hypothetical trade-off between different combinations of Stealth bombers and B-1 bombers that might be produced in a year with the limited U.S.capacity, ceteris paribus.Complete the table by calculating the required opportunity costs for both the B-1 and Stealth bombers. $\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|c|}\hline \text { Combination } & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of Stealth } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity cost } \\\text { of Stealth } \\\text { Bombers in } \\\text { Terms of B-1s }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Number } \\\text { of B-1s }\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Opportunity } \\\text { Terms of B-1s in } \\\text { Bombers }\end{array} \\\hline \mathrm{S} & 10 & & 0 & \\\hline \mathrm{T} & 9 & & 1 & \\\hline \mathrm{U} & 7 & & 2 & \\\hline \mathrm{V} & 4 & & 3 & \\\hline\end{array}$ Table 1.1 Production Possibilities for Bombers In the production range of 7 to 9 Stealth bombers, the opportunity cost of producing 1 more Stealth bomber in terms of B-1s is

A consequence of the economic problem of scarcity is that

A technological advance would best be represented by

Opportunity cost is a theoretical concept with no practical application.

Which of the following is true about the combination of plasma televisions and MP3 players represented by point F in Figure 1.4?