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The hopes raised by the changes in Eastern Europe in the late 1980s were,by 1989:


A) fully realized throughout most of the region.
B) understood to be taking longer and would be harder than originally thought.
C) co-opted by the communist establishment and diverted.
D) deferred by the military action taken by the Soviet Union in Afghanistan.
E) dashed completely by the repressive measures taken by the Warsaw Pact military.

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Which of the following was NOT an issue addressed by the American Civil Rights Movement,in addition to racial equality?


A) Greater toleration of minority religions,particularly Islam
B) Greater accountability of private and public corporations to the general public
C) Opposition to U.S.involvement in Vietnam
D) The elimination of poverty and other gross material inequalities
E) Urban economic development

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The spring 1968 student unrest in Paris included all events except:


A) student demanded reform to modernize their dorms.
B) massive trade union strikes by workers sympathetic with students' cause.
C) by mid-May an astonishing 10 million French workers had walked off their jobs.
D) strikers were satisfied with a wage increase;'students agreed to resume university life.
E) de Gaulle's position was strengthened by his effective actions to quell the disorder.

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In the 1960s,a crack in the monolithic façade of the Americanization of Western culture appeared on the music scene with:


A) the "British invasion."
B) the popularity of reggae.
C) the "French invasion."
D) the resurgence of classical music.
E) the "German invasion."

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Popular dissatisfaction with government organization of mass consumption contributed to the downfall of communist regimes.

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Which of the following did NOT endure and grow following the 1960s?


A) The environmental movement.
B) Second-wave feminism.
C) Opposition to nuclear weapons.
D) Violent student protests.
E) The student population.

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One invention that helped further the spread of popular music was:


A) the LP record.
B) CDs.
C) transistor radios.
D) AM radio stations.
E) FM radio stations.

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Which political act played a significant role in compounding the economic stagnation of Western Europe in the early 1970s?


A) The rapid expansion of state-run economies in Eastern Europe.
B) The oil embargo staged by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in 1973.
C) The failure of Britain's devaluation of its currency in 1967 to produce a new wave of growth.
D) The sudden reversal of West Germany's industrial "economic miracle."
E) The global recession caused by the near collapse of the Japanese economy.

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How did governmental support of compulsory education impact the mass culture of the 1960s?

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Much of the new mass culture of the 1960...

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After the success of the "velvet revolution" in Czechoslovakia,the first open elections resulted in the playwright _________ being elected president.


A) Háry János
B) Václav Havel
C) Jan Masaryk
D) Eduard Benes
E) Janos Kadar

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The Czech Velvet Revolution began when police brutality toward student demonstrators moved workers to take action.

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All of the below statements define The U.S film industry except:


A) did not use domestic politics of the cold War in their films.
B) had considerable advantages due to consolidation.
C) used important innovations such as conversion to color and widescreen.
D) some plots were generated from contemporary society.
E) preference of shooting on site rather than in a studio.

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One of the contributing factors to the "sexual revolution" of the 1960s was the ready availability of:


A) automobiles.
B) leisure time.
C) abortions.
D) rock 'n' roll music.
E) oral contraceptives.

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The new culture of mass consumption in Western Europe was marked by all of the following except:


A) the institution of credit payments for purchases.
B) an expanded advertising industry.
C) the creation of marketing divisions by industry.
D) a shift in values.
E) extended work weeks.

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Among those who encouraged refusing to register for the draft were Dr.Benjamin Spock,the nation's leading pediatrician,and _________,the chaplain of Yale University.


A) Leonard Nimoy
B) Daniel Berrigan
C) William Sloane Coffin
D) William Appleman Williams
E) Hunter Thompson

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Western Europe in the post war years experienced rising employment,higher earnings,and lower agricultural prices combined to give household sand individuals more purchasing power.

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Why was perestroika the best hope for the Soviet Union,and why did it fail?

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In many ways,perestroika (economic restr...

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The term ethnic cleansing was coined in reference to:


A) Russian efforts to shed responsibility for republics with non-European majority populations after 1991.
B) deliberate campaigns of terror conducted by Serbian guerrillas in Bosnia,to force the flight of much larger populations of Muslims and Croatians.
C) the efforts of ethnic Albanians to rid Kosovo of ethnic Serbs through guerrilla warfare and terrorism.
D) new German immigration policies restricting opportunities for foreigners who were not ethnically German.
E) actions taken by the Romani in Yugoslavia to expel all Serbs,Croats,and Bosnians from their territory.

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What two visions of ethnically motivated politics came into conflict in Kosovo?


A) A "greater Serbia" and a "greater Albania."
B) A "greater Slovenia" and a "greater Croatia."
C) Orthodox Serbian Christianity and Bosnian Muslim fundamentalism.
D) Croatian and Serbian nationalism.
E) Serbian Muslim fundamentalism and Kosovan Orthodox Christianity.

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The role of the United Nations in the Serbian Wars:


A) to support NATO forces against Serbs who were besieging the capital of Sarajevo.
B) to supply the hard-pressed Croat and Muslim fighters against the Serbs.
C) to settle military arbitration between Serbs,Croats,and Bosnians.
D) to proactively aid Serbian settlers in the village of Srebrenica.
E) to act as a peace keeping force with orders to treat all groups equally.

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