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Exam 39: Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

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Question 1

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As cytokinins are primarily produced in roots, what route would they travel to influence lateral shoot formation in a recently topped tree?

A) symplastic
B) tracheids/vessels
C) phloem
D) apoplastic

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Question 2

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The biological clock controlling circadian rhythms must ultimately ________.

A) depend on environmental cues
B) affect gene transcription
C) stabilise on a 24-hour cycle
D) speed up or slow down with increasing or decreasing temperature

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Question 3

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Plant hormones produce their effects by ________. I. altering the expression of genes II. modifying the permeability of the plasma membrane III. modifying the structure of the nuclear envelope membrane

Vines in tropical rain forests must grow toward large trees before being able to grow toward the sun. To reach a large tree, the most useful kind of growth movement for a tropical vine presumably would be ________.

Charles and Francis Darwin discovered that

Which of the following mechanisms is in the correct sequence of steps (I-IV as listed below) that takes place during the formation of de-etiolation (greening) response proteins in plants? I. Detection of light signal II. Activation of phytochrome III. Activation of specific protein kinase1 IV. Formation of de-etiolation response protein

Generalised defence responses in organs distant from the infection site are called ________.

Which of the following mechanisms is the correct sequence of events that takes place during the plant responses to internal and external signals?

Which of the following can function in signal transduction in plants? I. calcium ions II. nonrandom mutations III. receptor proteins IV. autochrome V. secondary messengers

What are the primary sites of ethylene production in high concentrations in plants?

Auxins in plants are known to affect which of the following processes? I. gravitropism of shoots II. maintenance of seed dormancy III. phototropism of shoots IV. inhibition of lateral buds V. apical dominance

How may a plant respond to severe heat stress?

If a long-day plant has a critical night length of 9 hours, which 24-hour cycle would prevent flowering?

Upon exposure to blue light, plants not only begin to grow toward the light, but move their chloroplasts to the sunny side of each cell. The adaptive advantage of moving chloroplasts to the sunny side of each cell ________.

An eccentric millionaire botanist has offered a $25,000 scholarship to anyone who can successfully get a plant to grow through a vertical maze in complete darkness. The maze is not in a box; the maze is simply drawn on the wall, and the contestants must get their plant to grow in a pattern that matches the path through the maze. You need the money and feel confident that you can accomplish this task. Which of the following techniques will help you succeed?

Which of the following environmental factors can be sensed by plants? I. gravity II. pathogens III. wind IV. light

An individual plant was discovered that could not grow towards light. After some research, it was determined that the reason was a defective gene that did not allow for the level of cell elongation necessary for a phototropic response. This mutation greatly reduces the fitness of the individual plant. Which reason best describes the reason for the loss of fitness?

Suppose a plant had a photosynthetic pigment that absorbed far-red wavelengths of light. In which of the following environments could that plant thrive?

When an arborist prunes a limb off a valuable tree, he or she may paint the cut surface. The primary purpose of the paint is to ________.

Mammalian eyes sense light because the photoreceptor cells have molecules called "opsins", which change structure when exposed to light. Which of the following plant molecules would be analogous to mammalian opsins in their light-sensing ability?