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Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

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Question 1

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What does the term insoluble fibre refer to on food packages?

A) cellulose
B) polypeptides
C) starch
D) amylopectin

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A

Question 2

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In an RNA sample, ________.

A) the number of thiamine may or may not equal the number of adenine
B) the number of purine always equals the number of pyrimidine
C) the number of thiamine always equals the number of uracil
D) the number of purine may or may not equal the number of and pyrimidine

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Question 3

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What component of amino acid structure varies among different amino acids?

What makes lipids/fats hydrophobic?

Which of the following descriptions best fits the class of molecules known as nucleotides?

What is the major structural difference between starch and glycogen?

Which of the following is a major difference between RNA and DNA?

The molecule shown is ________.

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Which of the following statements is true about proteins?

Which of the following best summarises the relationship between dehydration reactions and hydrolysis?

In sickle-cell disease, as a result of a single amino acid change, the mutant haemoglobin tetramers associate with each other and assemble into large fibres. Based on this information alone, we can conclude that sickle-cell haemoglobin exhibits ________.

The molecule illustrated in the figure ________.

Homo sapiens have 23 pairs of chromosomes. This implies that ________.

"The native structure of h[a]emoglobin (Hb) comprises of two α and two β subunits, each of which carries a h[a]eme group. There appear to be no previous studies that report the in-vitro folding and assembly of Hb from highly unfolded α and β globin in a 'one-pot' reaction. One difficulty that has to be overcome for studies of this kind is the tendency of Hb to aggregate during refolding. This work demonstrates that denaturation of Hb in 40% acetonitrile at pH 10.0 is reversible." (J Am Soc Mass Spectrum 2007, 18, 8-16) -Haemoglobin, when subjected to 40% acetonitrile at pH 10.0, loses its quaternary structure, which means the ________.

The difference between an aldose sugar and a ketose sugar is ________.

Cooking oil and petrol (a hydrocarbon) are not amphipathic molecules because they ________.

Absorbance at Various pH Levels The table represents the results of an experiment where the effects of pH buffers on an enzyme found in saliva (amylase) were studied. A spectrophotometer set at 500 nm was used to measure absorbance at the various pH levels every 20 seconds for 2 minutes. The higher absorbance values would indicate greater enzyme activity. All experiments were conducted at the same temperature. Which statement correctly identifies the result that the optimum pH for amylase function is 7?

-Which molecule is a saturated fatty acid?

-Which of the following pairs of molecules could be joined together by a peptide bond in a dehydration reaction?