Question 1

As compared with metamorphism,diagenesis

Accepted Answer

A)   means exactly the same thing.
B)   takes place at lower temperatures and pressures.
C)   takes place at higher temperatures and pressures.
D)   takes place at greater depths that are well within the mantle.

Question 2

The image below shows an outcrop of coarse-grained sedimentary rock.Note the rock hammer for scale.What is the name of this rock type?

Accepted Answer

A)   sandstone
B)   shale
C)   breccia
D)   conglomerate

Question 3

Chemical sedimentary rocks are classified primarily on the basis of

Accepted Answer

A)   grain size.
B)   degree of sorting.
C)   angularity.
D)   mineral composition.

Question 4

Chemically precipitated limestone that forms in caves or around hot springs is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   agate.
B)   dolostone.
C)   jasper.
D)   travertine.

Question 5

When limestone becomes chemically altered so that half of the calcium atoms are replaced by magnesium,the resultant rock is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   agate.
B)   dolostone.
C)   jasper.
D)   travertine.

Question 6

Compaction and cementation of grains occurs during

Accepted Answer

A)   erosion.
B)   lithification.
C)   transport.
D)   weathering.

Question 7

Precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemical
B)   chemical
C)   clastic
D)   organic

Question 8

In which of the following three basin types might you be able to find oil forming and why? Rift basin,passive-margin basin,and foreland basin.

Accepted Answer

Passive-margin basins are form...

Question 9

Which of the following is true regarding biochemical chert?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is massive (lacking layers) .
B)   It is made of cryptocrystalline quartz.
C)   It is made of aragonite shell fragments.
D)   It is composed of the minerals calcite and dolomite.

Question 10

Diagenesis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the development of layering within sedimentary rocks.
B)   the act of deposition of sediment that will determine the characteristics of and,ultimately,form a sedimentary rock.
C)   physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock.
D)   the natural process of separating sediment by grain size.

Question 11

The removal of detritus from weathered rock at an outcrop is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   deposition.
B)   erosion.
C)   weathering.
D)   lithification.

Question 12

What type of sediment is typically found in lake bottoms?

Accepted Answer

A)   gravel
B)   sand
C)   silt
D)   clay/mud

Question 13

The image below shows ancient dunes exposed in Zion National Park in Utah.Using the interpreted portion of the image at the left,what was the dominant wind direction that formed these sedimentary structures?

Accepted Answer

A)   toward the right
B)   toward the left
C)   toward both the left and right
D)   vertical,both up and down

Question 14

Pulling a block of clay apart,resulting in the middle portion thinning and sinking,is an adequate analogy for

Accepted Answer

A)   passive margins and subsidence.
B)   foreland basins and diagenesis.
C)   rift basins and subsidence.
D)   intercontinental basins and diagenesis.

Question 15

Stratification refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the development of layering within sedimentary rocks.
B)   the act of deposition of sediment that will ultimately form sedimentary rock.
C)   physical and chemical alterations,including compaction and cementation,that occur as sediment is transformed into rock.
D)   the process of breaking down a source rock into smaller pieces called grains.

Question 16

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was most likely deposited as sand by a

Accepted Answer

A)   river (far from source) .
B)   glacier.
C)   river (near source) .
D)   alluvial fan.

Question 17

Which of the following are most likely to preserve conditions of ancient environments on the Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)   intrusive igneous rocks
B)   extrusive igneous rocks
C)   metamorphic rocks
D)   sedimentary rocks

Question 18

The breakdown of exposed rock into small fragments and dissolved ions is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   deposition.
B)   erosion.
C)   weathering.
D)   lithification.

Question 19

Consult the figure below.Here,distinct internal laminations are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layers.These are termed

Accepted Answer

A)   graded beds.
B)   cross beds.
C)   horizontal beds.
D)   tilted beds.

Question 20

The primary difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate

Accepted Answer

A)   is finer-grained than breccia.
B)   is coarser-grained than breccia.
C)   possesses more angular grains than breccia.
D)   possesses more rounded grains than breccia.

Exam 7: Pages of Earths Past: Sedimentary Rocks

The breakdown of exposed rock into small fragments and dissolved ions is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemically precipitated limestone that forms in caves or around hot springs is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compaction and cementation of grains occurs during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A well-sorted sandstone with asymmetric ripples was most likely deposited as sand by a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical sedimentary rocks are classified primarily on the basis of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Precipitation of gypsum due to evaporation of seawater produces which kind of sedimentary rock?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true regarding biochemical chert?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The image below shows ancient dunes exposed in Zion National Park in Utah.Using the interpreted portion of the image at the left,what was the dominant wind direction that formed these sedimentary structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stratification refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following three basin types might you be able to find oil forming and why? Rift basin,passive-margin basin,and foreland basin.

Correct AnswerverifiedPassive-margin basins are form...View AnswerShow Answer

What type of sediment is typically found in lake bottoms?

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The removal of detritus from weathered rock at an outcrop is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary difference between breccia and conglomerate is that conglomerate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diagenesis refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The image below shows an outcrop of coarse-grained sedimentary rock.Note the rock hammer for scale.What is the name of this rock type?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When limestone becomes chemically altered so that half of the calcium atoms are replaced by magnesium,the resultant rock is termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are most likely to preserve conditions of ancient environments on the Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pulling a block of clay apart,resulting in the middle portion thinning and sinking,is an adequate analogy for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As compared with metamorphism,diagenesis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consult the figure below.Here,distinct internal laminations are inclined at an angle to the boundary of the main sedimentary layers.These are termed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Passive-margin basins are form...
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