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The resident assistant of a campus residence hall notices that when a team of five students is assigned to bathroom duty,the bathrooms are not as well cleaned as when only one student is assigned to clean them.What phenomenon does this example illustrate?


A) a minimal group paradigm
B) social loafing
C) social inhibition
D) social facilitation

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According to the authors of your text,threats


A) lead to more cooperation.
B) make a group work more effectively.
C) are not an effective way of resolving conflict.
D) quickly reduce and resolve group conflict.

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All things being equal, ____ from ____ cultures would be most likely to engage in social loafing.


A) women; Western
B) men; Western
C) women; Asian
D) men; Asian

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Which of the following individuals is most likely to engage in social loafing?


A) Amanda,who sits alone in her office,licking stamps and placing them on envelopes
B) Tim,who washes a car with his friends
C) Phoebe,who works with her classmates on a difficult assignment
D) Danny,who struggles alone with a difficult calculus problem

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Sometimes famous performers have horrible final rehearsals in empty auditoriums prior to a big performance,yet they end up having wonderful performances in front of audiences.Why would the presence of others increase performance on a well-rehearsed task,such as musical performance?


A) They are performing for money.
B) They experience cognitive dissonance.
C) They aim to impress the critics.
D) They are aroused.

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According to research,most people believe recall a room temperature that is ____ when they are asked to recall being rejected by others.Why is this?


A) higher; Rejection makes people angry.
B) lower; Rejection is chilling.
C) accurate; Rejection is depressing and depression increases accuracy.
D) lower; Fewer people in the room means the room is colder.

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Describe the consequences of the "double bind" of conflicting social role demands that can make it difficult for women to be successful as leaders.

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Work by Alice Eagly and other psychologi...

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According to Robert Zajonc's (1969,1980)social facilitation theory,would you play pool better alone,or when others are observing you? Explain your answer.

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It all depends on how good a pool player...

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According to social-psychological reasoning,a large "student body" is not a social group because


A) students seldom share a common goal.
B) there is not consensus on the norms for appropriate behavior.
C) students vary tremendously in age,beliefs,backgrounds,and opinions.
D) each student cannot possibly interact with all other students.

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Who will probably be most successful at performing his or her task?


A) Leon,an expert basketball player,throwing free throws alone in the gym
B) Tara,an expert bowler,bowling in a crowded alley with an audience of friends
C) Raymond,a novice pool player,making shots at a crowded bar
D) Lindsay,a novice archer,shooting at target practice as her coach watches

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Which of the following explanations for social facilitation applies to humans but not to cockroaches? Animals are


A) alert and aroused in the presence of other members of their species.
B) distracted by a number of stimuli,including members of their own species.
C) aroused at the prospect of evaluation.
D) more likely to perform their dominant response when aroused.

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"Don't talk during the movie" and "Cross the street at the corner or crosswalk" are examples of


A) social roles.
B) group processes.
C) prescriptive behaviors.
D) social norms.

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Ted is a manager who effectively motivates his employees to complete their short-term projects in a timely manner without sacrificing quality.Ted always rewards the employees who meet these goals.Ted has a ____ leadership style.


A) paternalistic
B) transactional
C) relationship-oriented
D) transformational

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You are a member of a group of 5 people whose task it is to address and stuff 1,000 envelopes for mailing.Research on ____ suggests that it would be better to give each person 200 envelopes to address alone,whereas research on ____ suggests that it would be better to have everyone work on the task together in the same room.


A) deindividuation; social loafing
B) social loafing; deindividuation
C) social loafing; social facilitation
D) social facilitation; social loafing

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What is deindividuation and why does it occur (sometimes leading to riots or vigilante justice)?

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Deindividuation is the reduction of the ...

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The group processes of social loafing and deindividuation share the common feature that they are both caused in part by


A) feelings of not being accountable for one's actions.
B) a sense of belonging to a group.
C) cognitive laziness.
D) transformational leaders.

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You are supervising several work groups at your company.Which of the following groups is not suffering from process loss?


A) a group in which individuals refuse to listen to each other
B) a group in which no one is competent,but they are listening to the best person in their group
C) a group in which one person is leading the discussion and dominating the other group members
D) a group in which the expert is present,but finds it difficult to speak up against the group

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Studies examining the relationship between leadership effectiveness and personality find that


A) a few characteristics,such as desire for power and charisma,are strongly associated with effectiveness.
B) size of family and number of books published were not correlated with effectiveness,but personality traits were significantly correlated with effectiveness.
C) size of family and height were correlated with effectiveness,but personality traits were not.
D) only intelligence is associated with effectiveness.

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Dozens of social-psychological experiments on the topic of social facilitation have employed people and a variety of animals and insects.One consistent finding has emerged from these many studies:


A) Simple tasks are not affected by the presence of others,but complex tasks are.
B) The presence of others enhances performance on simple tasks.
C) Simplicity is the most dominant response in the presence of others.
D) Difficult tasks are more arousing than simple tasks.

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According to the authors of your text,there are two reasons why deindividuation leads to more deviant behavior:


A) people feel less accountable,and people are more likely to obey even deviant group norms.
B) people feel less accountable,and people use others to shoulder the blame.
C) people become frustrated,and people feel less accountable for acting on their frustration.
D) people pay less attention to their environment,and people feel anonymous in a group.

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