Question 1

After studying four species of Neptunian animals,the scientists obtained the following data:  According to Dunbar's social brain hypothesis,which species should have the largest social groups? (no calculator needed)

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  The answer cannot be determined with the available data.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the relationship specifically between human brains and group size,according to the social brain hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Human brain size is not related to group size but rather to humans' diet.
B)  The neocortex ratio in humans gives them the capacity to keep track of about 150 relationships.
C)  The smaller the group size,the faster the brain deteriorates into goo.
D)  Humans with larger brains have an affinity for larger groups.
E)  Living in larger social groups tends to lead to larger neocortex ratios.

Question 3

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates that the infant is engaging in emulative learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  The infant tries to determine the model's intent in using the tool in a specific way.
B)  The infant tries to determine what it is about the tool that allowed the model to achieve the goal.
C)  When given the tool,the infant figures out on her own how to use the tool to achieve the same goal.
D)  When given the tool,the infant mimics exactly how the model used the tool to achieve the goal.
E)  The infant stares blankly at the model.

Question 4

Which child(ren) below demonstrate(s) the existence of theory of mind?

Accepted Answer

A)  a child who hides his toys so his mother will not find them
B)  a child who likes to ride the family dog like a rodeo bull
C)  a child who assumes that everyone knows everything she knows
D)  all of these children
E)  none of these children

Question 5

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following demonstrates that the infant is engaging in imitative learning?

Accepted Answer

A)  When given the tool,the infant figures out on his own how to use the tool to achieve the same goal.
B)  The infant tries to determine which of the model's actions was most relevant in using the new tool to achieve the goal.
C)  When given the tool,the infant mimics exactly how the model used the tool.
D)  The infant stares blankly at the model.
E)  The infant tries to determine what it is about the tool that allowed the model to achieve the goal.

Question 6

Define the ratchet effect and generate an example for it (excluding the example of the hammer in the textbook).

Accepted Answer

The ratchet effect refers to a situation...

Question 7

A team of scientists observes that a new species (Species X) tends not to copy exactly how a model uses a new tool;instead,species members are very adept at figuring out on their own how to best use the tool.Conversely,another new species (Species Y) does tend to copy exactly how a model uses a new tool,paying attention to the behavioral strategies of the model.Based on this observation,what trajectory should we expect each species's respective cultural development to be like?

Accepted Answer

A)  Species X will likely not have cumulative culture and Species Y will likely have cumulative culture.
B)  Species X will likely have cumulative culture and Species Y will likely not have cumulative culture.
C)  Both species will likely have cumulative culture.
D)  Neither species will likely have cumulative culture.
E)  The scientists' observations have no relationship to accumulation of culture.

Question 8

A child observes a model using a new tool to crack open an acorn.The child does not copy exactly what the model does,nor does the child understand that the model wanted to crack acorns.The child simply sees that the tool can be used to crack acorns and tries to figure out on his own how to use the tool to crack acorns.What is the child exhibiting?

Accepted Answer

A)  simple mimicry
B)  observational learning
C)  emulative learning
D)  theory of mind
E)  imitative learning

Question 9

You and a small handful of people have split off from a large and technologically advanced society to settle on another island.According to Henrich's mathematical model,what will most likely happen to the development of cultural technology in your splinter group?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cultural technology of your group will likely ratchet up due to a concentrated effort among this handful of people.
B)  The cultural technology of your group will remain the same.
C)  The cultural technology of your group will exceed the technological complexity of the original society.
D)  The cultural technology of your group will likely devolve due to a lack of skilled models.
E)  Splitting from a larger group has nothing to do with the development of cultural technology.

Question 10

Homer sharpens a rock and uses it to shave.Schick adds a handle to the rock for better grip.Gillette then changes the rock to a titanium blade for durability.The progression of improvements made to the shaving utensil is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural adaptation.
B)  emulative learning.
C)  the eureka effect.
D)  cultural bootstrapping.
E)  the ratchet effect.

Question 11

Emulative and imitative learning can be contrasted in that

Accepted Answer

A)  in the short term,imitative learning leads to better solutions than emulative learning.
B)  chimpanzees can perform well at tasks involving imitative learning,but not at tasks involving emulative learning.
C)  emulative learning does not require imitating a model's behavioral strategies.
D)  emulative learning is a necessary precondition for cultural accumulation.
E)  2-year-old children tend to solve tasks with emulative learning of behavioral strategies,whereas 1-year-olds do not.

Question 12

There are three explanations posited to explain how primates developed such big brains.Name the three explanations and generate a study design that tests these competing explanations.

Accepted Answer

The three explanations for how primates ...

Question 13

Why is there NOT much cumulative culture among chimpanzees?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees have even more theory of mind than humans.
B)  Chimpanzees have poor working memory.
C)  Chimpanzees are incapable of cultural transmission.
D)  Chimpanzees are not a social species.
E)  Chimpanzees are not very good at imitative learning.

Exam 2: Culture and Human Nature

Which of the following is true of the relationship specifically between human brains and group size,according to the social brain hypothesis?

Correct Answer
verified

Which child(ren) below demonstrate(s) the existence of theory of mind?

Correct Answer
verified

Why is there NOT much cumulative culture among chimpanzees?

Correct Answer
verified

After studying four species of Neptunian animals,the scientists obtained the following data: According to Dunbar's social brain hypothesis,which species should have the largest social groups? (no calculator needed)

Correct Answer
verified

Homer sharpens a rock and uses it to shave.Schick adds a handle to the rock for better grip.Gillette then changes the rock to a titanium blade for durability.The progression of improvements made to the shaving utensil is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

You and a small handful of people have split off from a large and technologically advanced society to settle on another island.According to Henrich's mathematical model,what will most likely happen to the development of cultural technology in your splinter group?

Correct Answer
verified

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following demonstrates that the infant is engaging in imitative learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Emulative and imitative learning can be contrasted in that

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates that the infant is engaging in emulative learning?

Correct Answer
verified

Define the ratchet effect and generate an example for it (excluding the example of the hammer in the textbook).

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The ratchet effect refers to a situation...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

There are three explanations posited to explain how primates developed such big brains.Name the three explanations and generate a study design that tests these competing explanations.

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The three explanations for how primates ...
View Answer

Exam 2: Culture and Human Nature

Which of the following is true of the relationship specifically between human brains and group size,according to the social brain hypothesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which child(ren) below demonstrate(s) the existence of theory of mind?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is there NOT much cumulative culture among chimpanzees?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After studying four species of Neptunian animals,the scientists obtained the following data: According to Dunbar's social brain hypothesis,which species should have the largest social groups? (no calculator needed)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homer sharpens a rock and uses it to shave.Schick adds a handle to the rock for better grip.Gillette then changes the rock to a titanium blade for durability.The progression of improvements made to the shaving utensil is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You and a small handful of people have split off from a large and technologically advanced society to settle on another island.According to Henrich's mathematical model,what will most likely happen to the development of cultural technology in your splinter group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following demonstrates that the infant is engaging in imitative learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Emulative and imitative learning can be contrasted in that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal.Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates that the infant is engaging in emulative learning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define the ratchet effect and generate an example for it (excluding the example of the hammer in the textbook).

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe ratchet effect refers to a situation...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are three explanations posited to explain how primates developed such big brains.Name the three explanations and generate a study design that tests these competing explanations.

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThe three explanations for how primates ...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The ratchet effect refers to a situation...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
Answered by ExamLex AI
The three explanations for how primates ...
View Answer