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Exam 1: The Sociological Perspective

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Question 31

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Booker T. Washington was the first African American to earn a doctorate degree from Harvard University.

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Question 32

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The first person to propose that the scientific method could be applied to the study of social life was ________.

A) Emile Durkheim
B) Max Weber
C) Karl Marx
D) Auguste Comte

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Question 33

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The prevailing ideas in society,the things that "everyone knows" as correct ,are collectively referred to as ________.

Trace the historical development of sociology in Europe,beginning with an explanation of positivism. Conclude the answer with a brief description of the contributions of Comte,Spencer,Durkheim,Marx,and Weber.

Emile Durkheim identified the degree of social integration as the primary variable to explain different rates of suicide within different European nations.

Sociologically,what is the meaning of "symbols"?

What is the relationship between theory and research,according to C. Wright Mills?

After reading the Down-to-Earth Sociology box "Careers in Sociology: What Applied Sociologists Do," discuss how these types of careers could contribute to the tension that exists between basic sociology and applied sociology.

Functionalists and conflict theorists tend to focus on the ________,or large scale patterns of society,in conducting their analyses.

Sociologists who use the functionalist perspective stress how industrialization and urbanization have undermined the traditional functions of the family.

What did C. Wright Mills mean by the term "power elite"?

When collecting data,researchers must assure validity of their data. What is validity?

C. Wright Mills urged American sociologists to concentrate on social reform,developing the concept of the power elite to illustrate how top leaders of business,politics,and the military were an imminent threat to American freedom.

How did prejudice and discrimination affect the development of sociology in America in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

Why was Mario Brajuha asked to reveal his restaurant observations?

Sociologist Lewis Coser pointed out that conflict is most likely to develop among people who are in close relationships.

What is the use of objective and systematic observation to test theories,one that is often employed by sociologists?

-Based on Figure 1.3,Elliot is a systems analyst for the Department of Health. In his position he evaluates the effectiveness of health care programs in rural communities. Based on Figure 1.3 "Comparing Basic and Applied Sociology," which description best fits Elliot's role as a sociologist?

The author describes the anguish and fear he experienced while mingling among the men in a homeless shelter to gather data for a pending research interest. Why would a professional individual such as the author,Dr. Henslin,submit himself to such standards "in the name of science"?

Karl Marx claimed that ________ was the central force of social change,while Max Weber argued that ________ was actually the central force of social change.