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Which of the following statements is true regarding goals?


A) Goal commitment is most likely to occur when the individual has an external locus of control.
B) Generalized goals produce a higher level of output as compared to specific goals.
C) People do better when they get feedback on how well they are progressing toward their goals.
D) If factors such as acceptance of the goals are held constant, the more simple the goal, the higher the level of performance.
E) Assigned goals appear to generate greater goal commitment in lower rather than higher power-distance cultures.

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________ refers to an individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a task.


A) Emotional contagion
B) Affect intensity
C) Self-efficacy
D) Cognitive dissonance
E) Need for power

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According to the two-factor theory, adequate hygiene factors provide job satisfaction.

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Compare and contrast a manager that implements Theory Y and one that adheres to the expectancy theory. How would each choose to motivate their employees?

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Theory Y managers assume that employees ...

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________ is a form of self-fulfilling prophecy in which believing something can make it true.


A) The confirmation bias
B) The Pygmalion effect
C) The anchoring bias
D) The framing effect
E) The distinction bias

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Under Theory Y, managers believe employees inherently dislike work and must therefore be directed or even coerced into performing it.

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According to the equity theory, there are four referent comparisons. One of these four referent comparisons known as other-inside refers to ________.


A) an employee's experiences in a different position inside the employee's current organization
B) an employee's experiences in a different position outside the employee's current organization
C) another individual or group of individuals inside the employee's organization
D) another individual or group of individuals outside the employee's organization
E) an employee's experiences in a similar position outside the employee's current organization

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