Question 1

Alcohol may cause fetal damage by leaving chemical marks on DNA that switch genes abnormally on or off. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   imprinting.
B)   object permanence.
C)   an epigenetic effect.
D)   an insecure attachment.

Question 2

According to Erikson, the central psychological challenges pertaining to adolescence, young adulthood, and middle age, respectively, are

Accepted Answer

A)   identity formation; intimacy; generativity.
B)   intimacy; identity formation; generativity.
C)   generativity; intimacy; identity formation.
D)   intimacy; generativity; identity formation.

Question 3

Insecurely attached infants who are left by their mothers in an unfamiliar setting often will

Accepted Answer

A)   hold fast to their mothers on their return.
B)   explore the new surroundings confidently.
C)   be indifferent toward their mothers on their return.
D)   display little emotion at any time.

Question 4

A child whose mother drank heavily when she was pregnant is at heightened risk of

Accepted Answer

A)   being emotionally excitable during childhood.
B)   becoming insecurely attached.
C)   being born with the physical and cognitive abnormalities of fetal alcohol syndrome.
D)   addiction to a range of drugs throughout life.

Question 5

People typically experience an increasing sense of confidence and self-esteem

Accepted Answer

A)   from the early to teen years.
B)   from the teens to midlife.
C)   from middle adulthood through the very final weeks prior to death.
D)   during all of these periods.

Question 6

The cognitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to

Accepted Answer

A)   recall new information.
B)   recognize new information.
C)   learn meaningful new material.
D)   use judgment in dealing with daily life problems.

Question 7

A failure to practice important motor skills can result in a loss of agility because unused neural connections

Accepted Answer

A)   habituate.
B)   assimilate.
C)   imprint.
D)   are pruned.

Question 8

When Tommy's mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget's ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensorimotor
B)   formal operational
C)   concrete operational
D)   preoperational

Question 9

Menopause refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the cessation of menstruation.
B)   the loss of male sexual potency.
C)   irregular timing of menstrual periods.
D)   the loss of sexual interest in late adulthood.

Question 10

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking

Accepted Answer

A)   preoperational stage
B)   neural network
C)   critical period
D)   scaffold

Question 11

The relative lack of neural interconnections in the hippocampus and frontal lobes at the time of birth is most likely to contribute to

Accepted Answer

A)   infantile amnesia.
B)   habituation.
C)   insecure attachment.
D)   stranger anxiety.

Question 12

According to Piaget, accommodation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   parental efforts to include new children in the existing family structure.
B)   incorporating new experiences into existing schemas.
C)   developmental changes in a child's behavior that facilitate social acceptance by family and peers.
D)   adjusting current schemas to make sense of new experiences.

Question 13

Intense and reactive infants become unusually anxious and aroused when facing new or strange situations. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   habituation.
B)   temperament.
C)   egocentrism.
D)   imprinting.

Question 14

Research on the perceptual abilities of newborns indicates that they

Accepted Answer

A)   see nothing for the first 12 hours.
B)   see only differences in brightness.
C)   recognize the outlines of objects but none of the details.
D)   gaze longer at drawings of more face-like images.

Question 15

A susceptibility to the curse of knowledge is especially likely to be associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   conservation.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   stranger anxiety.
D)   postconventional morality.

Question 16

To assess attachment differences among infants, Mary Ainsworth placed them in a laboratory setting called a

Accepted Answer

A)   formal operation stage.
B)   rite of passage.
C)   strange situation.
D)   schema.

Question 17

Immediately after birth, infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' and strangers'

Accepted Answer

A)   faces.
B)   voices.
C)   temperament.
D)   tender touches.

Question 18

According to Erikson, late adulthood is to integrity as young adulthood is to

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomy.
B)   initiative.
C)   intimacy.
D)   identity.

Question 19

Chloe can clearly sense when her sister's teasing is intended to be friendly fun or a hostile put-down. This best illustrates that Chloe has developed a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   sense of object permanence.
B)   insecure attachment.
C)   concept of conservation.
D)   theory of mind.

Question 20

A student who does not cheat on tests because he doesn't want to violate classroom rules is in Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)   preconventional
B)   preoperational
C)   conventional
D)   postconventional

Exam 4: Developing Through the Life Span

When Tommy's mother hides his favorite toy under a blanket, he acts as though it no longer exists and makes no attempt to retrieve it. Tommy is clearly near the beginning of Piaget's ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A susceptibility to the curse of knowledge is especially likely to be associated with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cognitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student who does not cheat on tests because he doesn't want to violate classroom rules is in Kohlberg's ________ stage.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vygotsky suggested that new words provide a temporary ________ from which children can step to higher levels of thinking

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alcohol may cause fetal damage by leaving chemical marks on DNA that switch genes abnormally on or off. This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A failure to practice important motor skills can result in a loss of agility because unused neural connections

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intense and reactive infants become unusually anxious and aroused when facing new or strange situations. This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the perceptual abilities of newborns indicates that they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Piaget, accommodation refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Erikson, late adulthood is to integrity as young adulthood is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child whose mother drank heavily when she was pregnant is at heightened risk of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insecurely attached infants who are left by their mothers in an unfamiliar setting often will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chloe can clearly sense when her sister's teasing is intended to be friendly fun or a hostile put-down. This best illustrates that Chloe has developed a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The relative lack of neural interconnections in the hippocampus and frontal lobes at the time of birth is most likely to contribute to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People typically experience an increasing sense of confidence and self-esteem

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Erikson, the central psychological challenges pertaining to adolescence, young adulthood, and middle age, respectively, are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Menopause refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Immediately after birth, infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' and strangers'

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To assess attachment differences among infants, Mary Ainsworth placed them in a laboratory setting called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified