Question 1

Tests that present ambiguous stimuli designed to uncover hidden personality dynamics are called ________ tests.

Accepted Answer

A)   empirically derived
B)   projective
C)   multiphasic personality
D)   factor analytic

Question 2

Which personality theory emphasizes the interaction between the individual and the environment in shaping personality?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalytic
B)   trait
C)   humanistic
D)   social cognitive

Question 3

People respond to stress with greater anxiety if they have

Accepted Answer

A)   a weak superego.
B)   erogenous zones.
C)   unconditional positive regard.
D)   a reactive autonomic nervous system.

Question 4

Dr. Zytowics wants to assess the extent to which a client is suffering from depression, social withdrawal, and other symptoms of an emotional disorder. Which personality inventory would be most helpful for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

A)   the MMPI
B)   the Rorschach inkblot test
C)   the Free Association Index
D)   the Reciprocal Determinism Indicator

Question 5

Some psychoanalysts in Freud's era believed that girls experienced unconscious sexual desires for their father during the phallic stage. These feelings, they thought, reflected

Accepted Answer

A)   self-actualization.
B)   an Electra complex.
C)   the spotlight effect.
D)   unconditional positive regard.

Question 6

Freud believed that the latent content of dreams was

Accepted Answer

A)   fixated.
B)   a free association.
C)   repressed.
D)   a false memory.

Question 7

Contemporary psychodynamic theorists are most likely to disagree with Freud's assumption that

Accepted Answer

A)   much of our mental functioning is unconscious.
B)   people often struggle with conflicting wishes.
C)   childhood experiences influence our adulthood relationships.
D)   sexual drives are central to personality development.

Question 8

Freud suggested that slips of the tongue illustrate an incomplete

Accepted Answer

A)   fixation.
B)   displacement.
C)   rationalization.
D)   repression.

Question 9

Freud called his theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques

Accepted Answer

A)   a humanistic theory.
B)   a trait perspective.
C)   a social-cognitive theory.
D)   psychoanalysis.

Question 10

Medical students earn higher grades if they have a clear vision of themselves as successful doctors. This best illustrates the motivational significance of

Accepted Answer

A)   possible selves.
B)   unconditional positive regard.
C)   self-serving bias.
D)   the spotlight effect.

Question 11

Personality is best defined as an individual's

Accepted Answer

A)   characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting.
B)   most noticeable characteristics.
C)   biologically inherited temperament.
D)   hidden thoughts and emotions.

Question 12

A habitual drinker who says she drinks with her friends "just to be sociable" best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   displacement.
B)   rationalization.
C)   reaction formation.
D)   the spotlight effect.

Question 13

In contemporary psychology, the self is considered to be the

Accepted Answer

A)   part of personality that represents our internalized standards of morality.
B)   totality of one's feelings of unconditional positive regard.
C)   organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions.
D)   inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species' history.

Question 14

Which of the following Freudian ideas is most clearly contradicted by contemporary psychological theory and research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conscious awareness of what goes on in our minds is very limited.
B)   Painful experiences are commonly repressed.
C)   Memories are often distorted and incomplete.
D)   Individuals seek to defend themselves against anxiety.

Question 15

Humanistic psychologists would most likely be criticized for underestimating the value of

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy.
B)   self-serving bias.
C)   social obligations.
D)   the spotlight effect.

Question 16

Abraham Maslow suggested that those who fulfill their potential have satisfied the need for

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocal determinism.
B)   immediate gratification.
C)   self-actualization.
D)   unconditional positive regard.

Question 17

Carl Jung emphasized the importance of ________ in personality functioning.

Accepted Answer

A)   inferiority feelings
B)   psychosexual stages
C)   the collective unconscious
D)   unconditional positive regard

Question 18

Research on the Big Five personality factors provides evidence that

Accepted Answer

A)   some tendencies decrease during adulthood, while others increase.
B)   these traits only describe personality in Western, individualist cultures.
C)   the heritability of individual differences in these traits generally runs about 25 percent or less.
D)   all of these statements are true.

Question 19

Reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   defense mechanisms.
B)   the spotlight effect.
C)   free association.
D)   self-serving bias.

Question 20

Interdependence is to ________ as independence is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   self-efficacy; self-esteem
B)   nurture; nature
C)   regression; fixation
D)   collectivism; individualism

Exam 12: Social Psychology

Abraham Maslow suggested that those who fulfill their potential have satisfied the need for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud believed that the latent content of dreams was

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tests that present ambiguous stimuli designed to uncover hidden personality dynamics are called ________ tests.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following Freudian ideas is most clearly contradicted by contemporary psychological theory and research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contemporary psychodynamic theorists are most likely to disagree with Freud's assumption that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Medical students earn higher grades if they have a clear vision of themselves as successful doctors. This best illustrates the motivational significance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reporting whatever thoughts come to mind even if they are trivial or embarrassing is characteristic of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Interdependence is to ________ as independence is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud suggested that slips of the tongue illustrate an incomplete

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which personality theory emphasizes the interaction between the individual and the environment in shaping personality?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People respond to stress with greater anxiety if they have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Personality is best defined as an individual's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A habitual drinker who says she drinks with her friends "just to be sociable" best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freud called his theory of personality and the associated treatment techniques

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some psychoanalysts in Freud's era believed that girls experienced unconscious sexual desires for their father during the phallic stage. These feelings, they thought, reflected

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contemporary psychology, the self is considered to be the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humanistic psychologists would most likely be criticized for underestimating the value of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Zytowics wants to assess the extent to which a client is suffering from depression, social withdrawal, and other symptoms of an emotional disorder. Which personality inventory would be most helpful for this purpose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on the Big Five personality factors provides evidence that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carl Jung emphasized the importance of ________ in personality functioning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Interdependence is to as independence is to .

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