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The most unambiguous nonverbal clue to our specific emotional state is provided by our


A) respiration rate.
B) hand gestures.
C) body posture.
D) facial muscles.

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Ghrelin is a ________ hormone secreted by the ________.


A) hunger-arousing; hypothalamus
B) hunger-suppressing; hypothalamus
C) hunger-arousing; stomach
D) hunger-suppressing; stomach

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Judy found that her party guests ate less from a very large plate of cupcakes that were cut in half rather than whole. This best illustrates


A) neophobia.
B) the settling point.
C) unit bias.
D) social facilitation.

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Mr. Hanson is strongly suspected of embezzling money from his employer. He has denied the allegation. To determine whether he is lying, investigators are most likely to ask Mr. Hanson to take a(n) ________ test.


A) electrocardiograph
B) polygraph
C) myograph
D) tomography

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When researchers monitored the professional accomplishments of more than 1500 highly intelligent individuals, they found that the most successful were more ambitious, energetic, and persistent. This best illustrates the importance of


A) a secure attachment.
B) the Yerkes-Dodson law.
C) achievement motivation.
D) social facilitation.

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Turning in at her street, Dominique saw six fire trucks in front of her apartment building. Her heart beat wildly until someone yelled, "Just a false alarm." Her pulse then began to return to normal, due to the action of her ________ nervous system.


A) central
B) somatic
C) sympathetic
D) parasympathetic

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Which of the following is a hunger-arousing hormone secreted by the hypothalamus?


A) PYY
B) ghrelin
C) leptin
D) orexin

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When shown a face with an evenly mixed expression of fear and anger, ________ children were much quicker than other children to see anger.


A) socially extraverted
B) physically abused
C) academically successful
D) athletically skilled

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The body weights of adopted children are ________ with the weights of their adoptive parents and ________ with the weights of their biological parents.


A) uncorrelated; uncorrelated
B) positively correlated; uncorrelated
C) uncorrelated; positively correlated
D) positively correlated; positively correlated

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Compared with past years, people in developed countries today are consuming ________ food and engaging in ________ physical activity.


A) less; more
B) more; less
C) less; less
D) more; more

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The two-factor theory of emotion was proposed by


A) Walter Cannon and Philip Bard.
B) Robert Zajonc and Richard Lazarus.
C) William James and Carl Lange.
D) Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer.

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During a state of emotional arousal, the adrenal glands release ________ into the bloodstream.


A) insulin
B) acetylcholine
C) norepinephrine
D) glucose

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North Americans are more likely than Japanese citizens to display their feelings openly. This cultural difference best reflects the American culture's greater emphasis on


A) role playing.
B) individuality.
C) the spillover effect.
D) unit bias.

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The arousal theory of motivation would be most helpful for explaining why


A) recreational skydivers jump out of airplanes.
B) hungry fishermen venture across dangerous ocean waters.
C) starving prisoners are preoccupied with thoughts of food.
D) sexually active teens learn to practice effective birth control.

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Some researchers prefer the term settling point to set point because the typical body weight of an adult is influenced by


A) basal metabolic rate.
B) several appetite hormones.
C) the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus.
D) environmental as well as biological factors.

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Evidence that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity with which people experience certain emotions most directly refutes the


A) the James-Lange theory.
B) drive-reduction theory.
C) the two-factor theory.
D) the Cannon-Bard theory.

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Emotions consist of which of the following components?


A) physiological reactions
B) behavioral expressions
C) conscious feelings
D) all of these components

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Few human behaviors are rigidly patterned enough to qualify as


A) needs.
B) drives.
C) instincts.
D) incentives.

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Which of the following appetite hormones is secreted by the hypothalamus?


A) PYY
B) orexin
C) leptin
D) ghrelin

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Vaseem experienced excessive fear while flying because he interpreted his rapid heart rate, shallow breathing, and heavy perspiration as a reaction to the imminent danger of a plane crash. When his psychotherapist convinced him that this physical arousal was simply a harmless reaction to acceleration, cabin pressure, and confined space, his fear of flying was greatly reduced. The reduction in Vaseem's fear is best understood in terms of


A) the James-Lange theory.
B) the two-factor theory.
C) drive-reduction theory.
D) the Yerkes-Dodson law.

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