Question 1

Stress proteins (i.e. ,heat shock proteins) are manufactured by cells in response to exercise and other stresses.Importantly,increasing the cellular levels of heat shock proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  can lead to an increased production of free radicals.
B)  can lead to further disruptions in homeostasis.
C)  can lead to an increased degree of cellular injury.
D)  can repair damaged cellular proteins and restore homeostasis. D

Question 2

Most control systems of the body operate via

Accepted Answer

A)  positive feedback.
B)  low-gain receptors.
C)  negative feedback.
D)  feed forward mechanisms.

Question 3

Failure of a biological control system can result in disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The formation of mRNA in the cell is called

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription.
B)  translation.
C)  transduction.
D)  transfection.

Question 5

The term cell signaling refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  depolarization of the cell.
B)  hyperpolarization of the cell.
C)  a system of communication between cells.
D)  None of the above answers are correct.

Question 6

The general components of a biological control system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  receptor,control center,and response.
B)  receptor,control center,and effector.
C)  effector,remote control,and stimulus.
D)  receptor and integrating center.

Question 7

The most important control systems in the body are those systems that regulate a physiological variable that is required to sustain life.Which of the following control systems would likely have a large gain?

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiovascular control system
B)  pulmonary control system
C)  temperature control system
D)  All of the above answers are correct D

Question 8

The term homeostasis is defined as

Accepted Answer

A)  a constant metabolic demand placed upon the body.
B)  the maintenance of a constant internal environment.
C)  a low metabolic rate.
D)  a change within the internal environment.

Question 9

Exercise training can improve homeostatic control via

Accepted Answer

A)  an increase in positive feedback.
B)  an increase in negative feedback.
C)  a decrease in negative feedback.
D)  cellular adaptation.

Question 10

A chemical messenger is released from one cell and stimulates nearby cells is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  autocrine signaling.
B)  endocrine signaling.
C)  juxtacrine signaling.
D)  paracrine signaling.

Question 11

The gain of a biological control system can be thought of as the

Accepted Answer

A)  precision with which the control system maintains homeostasis.
B)  ratio of the amount of abnormality to the amount of correction needed to maintain a constant internal environment (i.e. ,amount abnormality/amount of correction needed) .
C)  positive feedback needed to maintain homeostasis.
D)  stimulus that triggers the biological control system to bring the internal environment back to normal.

Question 12

The gain of a control system is the ability of a receptor to adapt to a repeated stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Physiologists use the term steady state to denote

Accepted Answer

A)  a steady and unchanging level of a physiological variable.
B)  a completely normal external environment.
C)  a changing internal environment.
D)  an increase in body heat storage.

Question 14

Some cells communicate by cell-to-cell contact.This type of signaling

Accepted Answer

A)  is called intracrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact with the cytoplasm of another cell.
B)  is called juxtacrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact with the cytoplasm of another cell.
C)  is called autocrine signaling and requires that the cytoplasm of one cell makes contact.
D)  None of the above answers are correct

Question 15

Negative feedback is an important class of biological control systems in the body that serves to restore normal values of a variable to maintain homeostasis.Which of the following examples illustrate a negative feedback control system of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  regulation of CO2 concentrations in the blood
B)  control of body temperature
C)  regulation of blood glucose
D)  All of the above answers are correct

Question 16

Endocrine signaling involves the release of _________ into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A)  heat shock proteins
B)  neurotransmitters
C)  hormones
D)  transcription factors C

Question 17

The endocrine system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A series of interconnected components that serve to maintain a physical or chemical parameter of the body near a constant value is

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis.
B)  steady state.
C)  a biological control system.
D)  an organ system.

Question 19

In order to maintain blood glucose homeostasis,which of the following events would likely occur in response to a significant rise in blood glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased insulin secretion from the pancreas
B)  increased uptake of glucose by cells
C)  release of blood glucose from the liver
D)  all of the above answers are correct

Question 20

The factor that "turns on" genes to promote the production of mRNA is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  myonuclei
B)  mRNA tranducer
C)  transcriptional activator
D)  DNA transcriber

Exam 3: Control of the Internal Environment

Stress proteins (i.e. ,heat shock proteins) are manufactured by cells in response to exercise and other stresses.Importantly,increasing the cellular levels of heat shock proteins

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Most control systems of the body operate via

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Failure of a biological control system can result in disease.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The formation of mRNA in the cell is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term cell signaling refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The general components of a biological control system are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important control systems in the body are those systems that regulate a physiological variable that is required to sustain life.Which of the following control systems would likely have a large gain?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

The term homeostasis is defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Exercise training can improve homeostatic control via

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chemical messenger is released from one cell and stimulates nearby cells is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gain of a biological control system can be thought of as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The gain of a control system is the ability of a receptor to adapt to a repeated stimulus.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Physiologists use the term steady state to denote

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some cells communicate by cell-to-cell contact.This type of signaling

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Negative feedback is an important class of biological control systems in the body that serves to restore normal values of a variable to maintain homeostasis.Which of the following examples illustrate a negative feedback control system of the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endocrine signaling involves the release of _________ into the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

The endocrine system plays a key role in maintaining homeostasis in the body.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A series of interconnected components that serve to maintain a physical or chemical parameter of the body near a constant value is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to maintain blood glucose homeostasis,which of the following events would likely occur in response to a significant rise in blood glucose?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The factor that "turns on" genes to promote the production of mRNA is called a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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D

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C

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