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The idea that dreams are the brain's attempt to synthesize random neural activity in the brain matches the ________ of dreaming.


A) information-processing perspective
B) activation-synthesis theory
C) cognitive development perspective
D) latent content

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The simultaneous processing of information at both conscious and unconscious levels is called


A) the cocktail party effect.
B) inattentional blindness.
C) dual processing.
D) selective attention.

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The ability to focus attention on his arm and shoulder movements during his golf swings enabled Jason to learn more effective skills for both chip shots and putting.This best illustrates the value of


A) the cocktail party effect.
B) blindsight.
C) change blindness.
D) consciousness.

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Traffic accident rates have been found to ________ after the spring change to daylight savings time and to ________ after the fall change back to standard time.


A) increase;increase
B) decrease;decrease
C) increase;decrease
D) decrease;increase

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You have an exam coming up and have been studying for the past hour.You know that if you get a good night's rest it will aid your memory of what you have studied.Why is that?


A) Sleep appears to reactivate recent experiences that are stored in the hippocampus and move them to permanent storage elsewhere in the cortex.
B) Sleep allows resting neurons time to repair themselves and prunes unused connections in the brain.
C) During sleep,the pituitary gland releases a human growth hormone that is necessary for muscle development.
D) You are incorrect.Getting a good night's rest will not improve your memory of what you studied.

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Research indicates that Canadian,American,British,German,and Japanese adults tend to sleep ________ on workdays than on other days.They also tend to go to bed ________ than did their counterparts a century ago.


A) more;earlier
B) more;later
C) less;earlier
D) less;later

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Although unable to report the width of a block in front of her,a woman identified as D.F.could grasp the block with just the right finger-thumb distance.Her experience best illustrates


A) blindsight.
B) the cocktail party effect.
C) selective attention.
D) inattentional blindness.

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Bright light inhibits our feelings of sleepiness by influencing the production of


A) melatonin.
B) dopamine.
C) cortisol.
D) leptin.

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The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the


A) suprachiasmatic nucleus.
B) hippocampus.
C) amygdala.
D) brainstem.

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Professor Rodriguez studies how the activation of specific regions of the brain affects dream content.Her work best illustrates the subfield of


A) personality psychology.
B) clinical psychology.
C) cognitive neuroscience.
D) evolutionary psychology.

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Children who suffer night terrors typically


A) fail to recall these episodes the next day.
B) experience greater-than-average amounts of slow-wave sleep.
C) have dreams that they are suffocating or drowning.
D) require prescription drugs to recover from this condition.

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Which behavior addiction(s) have been proposed for further study in order to determine if they qualify as actual addictions?


A) gambling disorder
B) internet gaming disorder
C) both gambling and internet gaming disorder
D) neither gambling nor internet gaming disorder

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Research on sleep patterns indicates that


A) older adults and newborns have very similar sleep patterns.
B) different sleep patterns reflect differences in latent dream content.
C) everyone needs a minimum of 8 hours of sleep per night to function well.
D) sleep patterns are genetically and culturally influenced.

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Production of the human growth hormone necessary for muscle development is ________ by slow-wave sleep,which occurs mostly in the ________ half of a long night's sleep.


A) inhibited;first
B) facilitated;first
C) inhibited;second
D) facilitated;second

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Dennis,who is a college student,smokes marijuana frequently.Which of the following is NOT a way in which marijuana use can lead to academic underachievement?


A) Marijuana use is associated with impaired attention.
B) Marijuana use is associated with impaired learning ability.
C) Marijuana use is related to memory impairment.
D) Marijuana use is related to the development of phobias.

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Ashley is driving to the mall with a group of friends.They are talking and listening to the radio and even taking pictures to post on social media.Based on research,activity in brain areas that are vital for driving has decreased about ________ percent for Ashley.


A) 14
B) 25
C) 37
D) 72

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Osner has consumed a substance that has made him feel as though he is separated from his body and in a dreamlike state.Which drug did he take?


A) LSD
B) marijuana
C) alcohol
D) cocaine

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Jamison is studying geometry for the first time.This requires him to focus his attention on one thing at a time,involving


A) sequential processing.
B) parallel processing.
C) dual processing.
D) blindsight processing.

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Which synthetic opiate is sometimes prescribed as a substitute for heroin?


A) methamphetamine
B) melatonin
C) methadone
D) THC

Correct Answer

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The discomfort and distress following discontinued use of a psychoactive drug best illustrates


A) disinhibition.
B) withdrawal.
C) dehydration.
D) a near-death experience.

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