Question 1

An example of a mutagen that integrates into the double-helix of DNA resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication would be

Accepted Answer

A)   EMS
B)   Nitrous acid
C)   5BU
D)   2-amino purine
E)   Acridine dyesF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The wild-type eye color of Drosophila is red. A single-base mutation can occur that produces a white eye color. What statement is correct regarding this mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is an example of a mutation that alters protein function
B)   Individuals with white eyes have a reversion mutation
C)   It would be an example of a silent mutation
D)   The white eyed phenotype is called an example of a neutral mutation.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The mutation frequency for a gene is the ratio of the number of mutant genes to the total number of copies of that gene in a given population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Spontaneous mutations include

Accepted Answer

A)   Depurination, deamination, errors in DNA replication
B)   UV light, radiation, deamination, depurination
C)   UV light, radiation, deamination, errors in replication
D)   UV light, errors in DNA replication, deamination, depurinationE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

Select the correct statement regarding rate of mutation.

Accepted Answer

A)   Rates of spontaneous mutation per cell generation typically range from 10-5 to 10-9
B)   Mutation rates are consistent across species
C)   Mutation rates are not influenced by environmental conditions
D)   Mutation rates are constantE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Breakpoints in chromosomes can lead to mutant phenotypes when they occur in the middle of a gene.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is an example of a deaminating agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which repair mechanism is responsible for repairing damage from UV radiation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Recombinational repair
B)   Base excision repair
C)   Mismatch repair
D)   Nucleotide excision repair
E)   Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Beechdrops is a parasitic plant that cannot perform photosynthesis but relies on its host the Beech tree. However, Beechdrops still retains many if not all of the genes for photosynthesis. Snapdragons and gladiolas are common garden flowers that rely on their ability to perform photosynthesis. If you were to compare the gene sequences for these three plants for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO)  a protein necessary for photosynthesis what would you predict?

Accepted Answer

A)   The differences between gladiolas and snapdragons would most likely be silent mutations while those in beechdrops may be silent or missense
B)   Since these three plants are not highly related the sequences for RuBisCO would be very different between them
C)   The differences between gladiolas and snapdragons would most likely be in the second nucleotide of codons while beechdrops would have a higher number of mutations in the third nucleotide of the different codons
D)   The differences between gladiolas and snapdragons would most likely be missense mutations while those in beechdrops may be silent or missenseE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 10

The mechanism for reactive oxygen species to cause mutation is

Accepted Answer

A)   bases are oxidized to a variety of different products which might pair with a different base than the original base would have.
B)   thymine bases are dimerized which causes a break in the DNA which is not repaired correctly.
C)   the reactive oxygen species stabilize different tautomeric forms of the bases causing inappropriate pairing.
D)   guanine is depurinated by the reactive oxygen species and if it is not repaired can result in any base being inserted.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 11

Select the example of an induced mutational mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA replication errors
B)   Tautomeric shifts of nucleic acid bases
C)   Aberrant recombination
D)   UV light
E)   Transposable elementsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Which repair mechanism identifies daughter strands by methylation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Recombinational repair
B)   Direct repair
C)   Base excision repair
D)   Mismatch repair
E)   Nucleotide excision repairF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Translocations and inversions may result in

Accepted Answer

A)   TNRE
B)   Anticipation
C)   Position effect
D)   Genome mutationsE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

A mutation in one gene that compensates for a mutation in another gene to result in the wild-type phenotype is called an intergenic suppressor mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

How does position effect influence gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Point mutations in promoters frequently occur by this mechanism
B)   Translocations may result in a promoter that is normally used for one gene now controlling an entirely different gene.
C)   Since this mechanism relies on recombination it relies on the positioning of one allele so that it is under the control of the other allele.
D)   Translocations always result in a gene being recombined into an area of heterochromatin.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

A heritable change in the genetic material is called a mutation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The difference between the polymerases used in translesion synthesis repair and general DNA replication is

Accepted Answer

A)   the polymerase used in translesion synthesis has a pocket that can accommodate the lesions while DNA pol III's pocket cannot.
B)   there is no real difference between the polymerases except that the translesional polymerase is not part of the replication complex.
C)   the polymerase used in translesion synthesis has a pocket that cannot accommodate the lesions, that is part of the mechanism by which the lesions are removed.
D)   the polymerase used to remove the lesion has a modified nucleotide binding pocket allowing for mispairing of nucleotides.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

The Ames test may be used to determine if an agent is a mutagen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Anticipation is associated with which type of mutation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nonsense mutations
B)   Up-promoter mutations
C)   Intergenic suppressors
D)   TNRE mutations
E)   None of the answers are correctF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

The results of the replica plating experiments by the Lederbergs supported which theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   Random mutation theory
B)   Physical adaptation theory
C)   Both theories
D)   Neither theoryE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Exam 19: Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is an example of a deaminating agent.

Correct Answer
verified

Select the correct statement regarding rate of mutation.

Correct Answer
verified

Select the example of an induced mutational mechanism.

Correct Answer
verified

Which repair mechanism is responsible for repairing damage from UV radiation?

Correct Answer
verified

The mutation frequency for a gene is the ratio of the number of mutant genes to the total number of copies of that gene in a given population.

Correct Answer
verified

The difference between the polymerases used in translesion synthesis repair and general DNA replication is

Correct Answer
verified

Breakpoints in chromosomes can lead to mutant phenotypes when they occur in the middle of a gene.

Correct Answer
verified

The mechanism for reactive oxygen species to cause mutation is

Correct Answer
verified

The results of the replica plating experiments by the Lederbergs supported which theory?

Correct Answer
verified

An example of a mutagen that integrates into the double-helix of DNA resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication would be

Correct Answer
verified

The wild-type eye color of Drosophila is red. A single-base mutation can occur that produces a white eye color. What statement is correct regarding this mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The Ames test may be used to determine if an agent is a mutagen.

Correct Answer
verified

Spontaneous mutations include

Correct Answer
verified

A mutation in one gene that compensates for a mutation in another gene to result in the wild-type phenotype is called an intergenic suppressor mutation.

Correct Answer
verified

Which repair mechanism identifies daughter strands by methylation?

Correct Answer
verified

Translocations and inversions may result in

Correct Answer
verified

Anticipation is associated with which type of mutation?

Correct Answer
verified

A heritable change in the genetic material is called a mutation.

Correct Answer
verified

How does position effect influence gene expression?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 19: Gene Mutation and Dna Repair

Ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) is an example of a deaminating agent.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement regarding rate of mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the example of an induced mutational mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which repair mechanism is responsible for repairing damage from UV radiation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mutation frequency for a gene is the ratio of the number of mutant genes to the total number of copies of that gene in a given population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The difference between the polymerases used in translesion synthesis repair and general DNA replication is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Breakpoints in chromosomes can lead to mutant phenotypes when they occur in the middle of a gene.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism for reactive oxygen species to cause mutation is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The results of the replica plating experiments by the Lederbergs supported which theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of a mutagen that integrates into the double-helix of DNA resulting in the inhibition of DNA replication would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The wild-type eye color of Drosophila is red. A single-base mutation can occur that produces a white eye color. What statement is correct regarding this mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Ames test may be used to determine if an agent is a mutagen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Spontaneous mutations include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation in one gene that compensates for a mutation in another gene to result in the wild-type phenotype is called an intergenic suppressor mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which repair mechanism identifies daughter strands by methylation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Translocations and inversions may result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Anticipation is associated with which type of mutation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A heritable change in the genetic material is called a mutation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does position effect influence gene expression?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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