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Define hospice and explain its focus.

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Hospice is a program committed to making...

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In which of the following countries is cremation most popular?


A) the United States
B) Mexico
C) Canada
D) Japan

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Which of the following is Kübler-Ross' fifth stage of dying?


A) depression
B) acceptance
C) bargaining
D) anger

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Describe the components of the death system according to Robert Kastenbaum.

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Robert Kastenbaum emphasizes that a numb...

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Currently in the United States, approximately 90 percent of hospice care is provided


A) in special units in hospitals.
B) in nursing homes.
C) in the patients' homes.
D) in free-standing hospice facilities in the community.

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Ada knows that she has liver cancer and that she will not live much longer. Based on her mother's advice, she joins a prayer group and begins attending church regularly. In her prayers, she asks God to let her live one more year and promises God that she will set everything right with her family and loved ones. In the context of Kübler-Ross' stages of dying, Ada is most likely in the ________ stage.


A) bargaining
B) denial
C) anger
D) acceptance

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Which of the following statements is true of the document known as Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) ?


A) POLST involves a health-care professional and a patient or surrogate conferring to determine and state the wishes of the patient.
B) POLST comes into effect after a patient who signed the document passes away.
C) POLST is accepted in all 50 states in the United States.
D) POLST was initiated many years ago and hence it is not as specific as some of the recent advance directives.

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An advance directive, such as a living will, must be signed when


A) at least two medical professionals are present.
B) a doctor and a lawyer are present.
C) an individual is told he or she has a life-threatening condition.
D) an individual is able to think clearly.

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Brain death occurs when


A) all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time.
B) a person remains unconscious for a specified period of time.
C) only the lower regions of the brain stop functioning.
D) the body loses the ability to breathe on its own.

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Naomi and Carla are first-year medical students. They are currently learning about the brain and its functions. Naomi is of the opinion that the cortical death definition should be adopted as the criterion for death. However, Carla disagrees with her. Which of the following statements best explains why Carla disagrees with Naomi?


A) The cortical function areas of the brain monitor the heartbeat and respiration. If the cortical death definition were adopted, then physicians could declare a person dead as soon as the heartbeat and respiration stop.
B) The functions one associates with being human, such as intelligence and personality, are located in the lower brain stem areas. Physicians believe that when these functions are lost, the "human being" is no longer alive.
C) If the cortical death definition were adopted, then physicians could declare that a person is dead when there is no cortical functioning in that person, even though the lower brain stem is functioning.
D) Individuals whose higher brain areas have died will not be able to breathe and have a heartbeat.

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In the Jewish tradition, what is the term for the time between death and burial?

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Which of the following is an effective strategy for communicating with a dying person?


A) Discourage the dying person from expressing any form of guilt or anger.
B) Insist that the dying person feel acceptance about death even if the dying person wants to deny the reality of the situation.
C) Encourage the dying person to express feelings, but discourage the dying person from reminiscing.
D) Eliminate distraction-for example, ask the dying person if it is okay to turn off the TV.

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Delilah lost her husband Hendricks in a highway accident. Being just 3 years into marriage, she was devastated. 4 months later, she was hassled by problems such as intrusive thoughts, flashbacks, nightmares, sleep disturbance, and problems in concentrating. Delilah is probably experiencing


A) post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.
B) restoration-oriented stress.
C) post-traumatic embitterment disorder.
D) separation anxiety.

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________ describes an individual's grief over a deceased person that is a socially ambiguous loss and cannot be openly mourned or supported.


A) Complicated grief
B) Prolonged grief
C) Extended grief
D) Disenfranchised grief

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According to Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, which of the following is the second stage of dying?


A) denial and isolation
B) bargaining
C) acceptance
D) anger

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Which of the following is an advantage of a dying individual knowing that he or she is dying?


A) The person can seek more aggressive medical interventions.
B) The person can move through the stages of dying more quickly.
C) The person can construct more effective means of denying death.
D) The person can close their lives in a way that is consistent with their own ideas about proper dying.

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Describe how adults cope with death.

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Researchers have found that middle-aged ...

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Which of the following statements is an accurate criticism of Kübler-Ross' theory of dying?


A) She underestimates the amount of time people stay in the anger stage.
B) She did not consider that men and women go through each stage differently.
C) She did not demonstrate the existence of the five-stage sequence.
D) She ignored that most people do not realize they are dying.

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Which of the following statements is true of hospice care?


A) Hospice care emphasizes the need to limit the administration of painkillers to terminally ill patients.
B) Hospice care mainly emphasizes efforts to cure an illness.
C) Hospice care focuses on efforts to prolong life.
D) Hospice care emphasizes palliative care.

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Most psychologists emphasize that ________ is the best strategy in discussing death with children.


A) honesty
B) evasion
C) lying
D) distraction

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