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Which of the following most accurately reflects the symbolic view of management?


A) Managers are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure.
B) Managers have to ensure that every obstacle is overcome on the way to achieving the organization's goals.
C) External forces are responsible for an organization's success or failure.
D) Employees are directly responsible for an organization's success or failure.

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The ________ view of management is consistent with the stereotypical picture of the take-charge business executive who can overcome any obstacle in carrying out the organization's objectives.


A) omnipotent
B) impotent
C) omniscient
D) symbolic

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Bill's organization expects 50% of profits to be generated by products that did not exist five years ago.What is the nature of the programs that the organization's managers are likely to follow?


A) short-term
B) risky
C) innovative
D) expansionary

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Martha is concerned with the degree to which managers focus on results rather than techniques and the processes used to achieve those results.In other words,Martha is concerned that the company will emphasize ________ over other dimensions of the organizational culture.


A) stability
B) aggressiveness
C) attention to detail
D) outcome orientation

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Which of the following is a characteristic of an organization with a strong culture?


A) Management strives to delink shared values from behaviors as much as possible.
B) Culture conveys consistent messages about what is important to the organization.
C) The core set of organizational values is zealously guarded by the management.
D) Emphasis is laid on the future of the organization,rather than acquainting employees with company history or past heroes.

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Which of the following is a characteristic found in spiritual organizations?


A) focus on team development,rather than individual development
B) profit-oriented outlook towards all organizational activities
C) tolerance toward mistakes and openness with customers and employees
D) emphasis on controlling emotions and feelings

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Organizational ________ typically contain narratives about significant events or people in the organization.


A) stories
B) rituals
C) language
D) material artifacts

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If the components in an organization's environment exhibit minimal change,such an environment is said to be ________.


A) volatile
B) dynamic
C) stable
D) simple

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In a short essay,explain the reasons behind the increasing importance of workplace spirituality in recent years.

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Workplace spirituality is a culture in w...

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Stephen notices that management is very concerned with the effects of outcomes on employees in the organization.This means that the management emphasizes the ________ dimension of the organization's culture.


A) stability
B) people orientation
C) aggressiveness
D) innovation and risk taking

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If ABC Company wanted to create an innovative culture,which of the following actions should it take?


A) Create detailed job descriptions and step-by-step procedures for every position.
B) Allow employees time for the generation of ideas.
C) Encourage employees to report slacking and other time wasting within their departments.
D) Require employees to document their activities to account for all paid hours.

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Discuss how culture constrains managers.Include specific examples to support your answer.

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Because an organization's culture constr...

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________ is a process that helps new employees learn the organization's way of doing things.


A) Inculcation
B) Socialization
C) Enculturation
D) Transculturation

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If the components of an organization's environment change frequently,the organization is operating in a ________ environment.


A) stable
B) simple
C) dynamic
D) complex

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Which of the following statements highlights the shared aspect of culture?


A) Organizational culture is concerned with how members perceive the culture and describe it,not with whether they like it.
B) Organizational culture is not something that can be physically touched or seen,but employees perceive it on the basis of what they experience within the organization.
C) The original source of the culture of an organization reflects the vision of the organization's founders.
D) Even though individuals may have different backgrounds or work at different organizational levels,they tend to describe the organization's culture in similar terms.

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The citizens of Abolonia believe no top executive should ever earn more than 40 times the average wage of the company's employees.This is an example of ________.


A) how changes in the demographics limit the discretion managers have
B) how societal attitudes in the economic context create constraints on the decisions managers make
C) how government regulation affects the salaries executives can earn
D) a trend in the sociocultural environment that limits disposable income in the economic environment

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