Question 1

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport.
B)  Brownian motion.
C)  osmosis.
D)  endocytosis.

Question 2

In the United States,the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium; potassium and chloride
B)  sodium; phosphorous
C)  iron; potassium
D)  sodium and chloride; potassium

Question 3

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

A)  Angiotensinogen
B)  Antidiuretic hormone
C)  Calcitonin
D)  Adrenal hormone

Question 4

The loss of body fluid in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  insensible losses.
B)  interstitial decreases.
C)  transitory losses.
D)  undetectable losses.

Question 5

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

Accepted Answer

A)  ≤ 120/80
B)  ≤ 140/90
C)  ≤ 160/100
D)  between 120/80 and 140/90 A

Question 6

Most body water comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  moisture absorbed through the skin.
B)  fluids we drink.
C)  the food we eat.
D)  metabolism.

Question 7

The human diet has:

Accepted Answer

A)  always been high in salt.
B)  historically been higher in potassium and lower in sodium than at present.
C)  historically been lower in both sodium and potassium than at present.
D)  historically been higher in both sodium and potassium than at present.

Question 8

In most people,hypertension results from:

Accepted Answer

A)  no obvious external cause.
B)  diabetes.
C)  kidney disease.
D)  atherosclerosis.

Question 9

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  tomatoes.
B)  bananas.
C)  snack crackers.
D)  potatoes.

Question 10

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  slightly basic.
B)  slightly acidic.
C)  very basic.
D)  very acidic.

Question 11

Fluid requirements for infants are proportionately greater than those for adults because:

Accepted Answer

A)  infants have less surface area for evaporation.
B)  infants are more active than adults.
C)  infants weigh less than adults.
D)  infants have immature kidneys that are not able to concentrate urine.

Question 12

All of the following are ways to reduce sodium intake in your diet EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  replacing processed foods with unprocessed foods.
B)  choosing canned vegetables rather than frozen vegetables.
C)  choosing roasted turkey rather than bologna.
D)  preparing your meals at home.

Question 13

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  intercellular fluid.
B)  extracellular fluid.
C)  intracellular fluid.
D)  interstitial fluid.

Question 14

Which statement concerning electrolyte imbalance is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can cause sudden heart failure.
B)  It can occur in anorexia nervosa.
C)  It can disturb acid base balance.
D)  All of these statements are true.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about intestinal absorption of sodium,chloride and potassium from the diet is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are readily absorbed.
B)  Absorption is regulated according to body needs.
C)  Sodium absorption is tightly regulated,while chloride and potassium absorption is largely unregulated.
D)  Minor changes in intake from day to day can upset normal homeostasis.

Question 16

The risk of hypertension is lowest for which of the following groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Non-hispanic whites
B)  Diabetics
C)  Obese individuals
D)  African Americans A

Question 17

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

Accepted Answer

A)  1000
B)  1850
C)  2300
D)  One has not been established C

Question 18

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Accepted Answer

A)  High potassium intake
B)  A low-calorie diet
C)  Consuming many high protein foods
D)  Lactation

Question 19

When a nerve cell depolarizes,all of the following occur EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  an electrical current is generated.
B)  it causes a muscle contraction.
C)  permeability of the cell membrane to sodium changes.
D)  a nerve impulse is sent.

Question 20

Which is LEAST likely to be implicated as a contributor to hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  High levels of carbonated beverage consumption
B)  Stress
C)  Heavy alcohol consumption
D)  Lack of physical activity

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

Water is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the United States,the typical diet is high in _______ and low in ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The loss of body fluid in ways not obvious or noticeable to us is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Healthy blood pressure is defined as ___________________ mm of mercury.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Most body water comes from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human diet has:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In most people,hypertension results from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Good sources of potassium include all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fluid requirements for infants are proportionately greater than those for adults because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are ways to reduce sodium intake in your diet EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement concerning electrolyte imbalance is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about intestinal absorption of sodium,chloride and potassium from the diet is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The risk of hypertension is lowest for which of the following groups?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The UL for sodium intake is _______ mg/day.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following is LEAST likely to result in an increased need for water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a nerve cell depolarizes,all of the following occur EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is LEAST likely to be implicated as a contributor to hypertension?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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